Which phenomenon allows cats to almost always land on their feet, illustrating a fascinating principle of physics in action?

Conservation of mechanical energy

Roller coasters are an exciting application of the conservation of mechanical energy, a principle stating that the total energy of a closed system (kinetic plus potential) remains constant in the absence of significant friction. At the top of the first climb, the car has a maximum of potential energy, which gradually transforms into kinetic energy as it descends, reaching its maximum speed at the lowest point of the course. This energy transformation allows the car to travel the entire circuit, including subsequent climbs, without the need for additional propulsion. This ingenious use of physics not only ensures the excitement of passengers but also ensures remarkable energy efficiency, making roller coasters iconic in amusement parks worldwide.